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2021届吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三下学期英语第四次模拟考试试题
本试卷共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字迹工整，笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Choosing the right hiking equipment will make your walk safer and more comfortable. Getting it right is easy with our pick of the best. Don’t hesitate to grab them!
SMART SOCKS
Smartwool Women’s PhD Outdoor Light Print Crew Walking Socks (£16.09)
Built for mile after mile of trail, these socks are so light and seamless that you’ll barely notice you’re wearing them.
Darn Tough Kelso Micro Crew Light Cushion (£20)
Keep you cool while going the distance in these wool socks. They’re cushioned and silky soft.
1000 Mile Fusion Walking Sock (£15.99, twin pack)
Need extra comfort? The Fusion Walking Sock has a blister-free guarantee thanks to clever double-layer technology and padded zones.
LIGHTWEIGHT JACKETS
Smartwool Merino Smart Ultra Light Hoodie (£114.99)
This windproof layer packs away into its pocket.
Berghaus Women’s Skerray Smock (£70)
Stay warm if the wind gets up in this super-light, water-repellent smock jacket with a fitting hood. It packs away into the small pocket.
Finisterre Mistral Waterproof Jacket (£185)
Light yet fully waterproof, this cool high-quality jacket has zipped pockets and an adjustable foldaway hood.
SUMMER SHORTS
Jack Wolfskin Overland Zip Away (£115)
Always chilly when you set out but boiling by the time you’re climbing that hill? With these clever pants, you get a pair of soft-shell trousers and a pair of shorts in one.
21. What can we know from the passage?
A. Crew Walking Socks provide the most comfort of all.
B. All the equipment can pack away into its small pocket.
C. Both the Light Hoodie and Skerray Smock can keep out the wind.
D. Crew Walking Socks are the cheapest and of highest quality.
22. If you want to go hiking in a hot summer day, ______ will be the best choice.
A. Crew Walking Socks & Waterproof Jacket
B. Light Hoodie & Fusion Walking Socks
C. Overland Zip Away & Crew Light Cushion
D. Fusion Walking Socks & Skerray Smock
23. In which column can you find the passage?
A. New Technology. B. Life Style.
C. Sports. D. Advertisement.
B
A struggling Waffle (华夫饼) House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter to help him.
Ethan Crispo, 24, witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov. 3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham, Alabama.
Crispo told TODAY’s Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a friend’s birthday party and saw the struggling employee, identified only as Ben, trying to cook the food, serve it, set tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.
“The look on his face was just confusion,” Crispo told Sanders.
An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out, grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.
Another customer, Alison Stanley, went behind the counter to make some coffee — still dressed from a night out on the town.
“I don’t think it’s anything special,” Stanley told Sanders. “He needed help, so I got up and helped out.”
Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to clear tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.
Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.
“We had two associates scheduled to leave. However, due to a communication mix-up, their relief did not show up on time,” Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement. “That left Ben, our cook, alone in the restaurant with hungry customers. He worked the grill and got the orders out.”
The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Ben out.
“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family,” Warner said. “There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants, and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family.”
“We are also very thankful for Ben, who kept the restaurant open. He is a representative of our Waffle House culture by always putting the customers first.”
Crispo had his usual order, double plain waffle, as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.
“Humanity truly isn’t good — it’s great!” he said.
24. Ben was left to work alone during his midnight shift because ________.
A. his associates asked for a leave B. there was a scheduling mistake
C. few customers needed to be served D. the restaurant was scheduled to close
25. Some customers helped Ben out by ________.
A. washing dishes B. taking photos
C. taking orders D. cooking food
26. Why did the customers lend a helping hand according to Pat Warner?
A. They shared the same community spirit.
B. They were family members of Ben.
C. They wanted to serve themselves.
D. They were too hungry to wait.
27. How did Crispo feel as a witness of the scene?
A. Lucky and excited. B. Moved and inspired.
C. Relieved and hopeful. D. Content and unbelievable.
C
It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.
A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4° off to the viewer’s right — well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “She’s not looking at you.”
This is ironic (讽刺), because the entire phenomenon of a person’s gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect”, which is absolutely real. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person’s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.
Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.
To make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (相交) Mona Lisa’s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.
So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn’t sure. It’s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect” just thought it was a cool name.
28. It is generally believed that the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa” ________.
A. attracts the viewers to look back B. seems mysterious because of her eyes
C. fixes her eyes on the back of the viewers D. looks at observers wherever they stand
29. What did the new study find?
A. The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.
B. The mystery of the woman’s smile in the painting.
C. The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.
D. Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.
30. The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to ________.
A. confirm Horstmann’s belief
B. create artificial-intelligence avatars
C. calculate the angle of Mona Lisa’s gaze
D. show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied
31. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term “Mona Lisa effect”.
B. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.
C. Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.
D. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgement.
D
It’s almost spring, the time of year when the change in seasons could lead to some pretty fascinating cloud activity in the sky. NASA and the GLOBE Program are inviting you to take part in a citizen science cloud observation challenge.
The GLOBE Program is an international science and education program providing the public with the opportunity to participate in the scientific process. From March 15 through April 15, citizen scientists can make up to 10 cloud observations per day using the GLOBE Observer app or one of the other data entry options (for trained GLOBE members). Challenge participants with the most observations will be congratulated by a NASA scientist in a video posted on the GLOBE Program’s website and social media.
“The GLOBE Program is offering this challenge to show how important it is to NASA to have citizen scientist observations from ground up,” said Marile Colon Robles, lead for the GLOBE Clouds team at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia.
Researchers use and value this citizen science cloud data because it helps confirm data from Earth-observing instruments.
Scientists at Langley work with a set of six instruments known as the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Even though CERES’ instruments use advanced technology, it is not always easy for researchers to positively identify all types of clouds in their images.
For example, it can be difficult to tell thin, wispy cirrus clouds (细小的卷云) from snow, since both are cold and bright; it is even more so when cirrus clouds are above a surface with patchy snow (片状雪) or snow cover. One solution is to look at satellite images from a particular area and compare them to data submitted by citizen scientists on the ground.
“Looking at what an observer recorded as clouds and looking at their surface observations really helps us better understand the images that were matched from the satellite,” said Colon Robles.
You don’t have to be a cloud-gazing professional to participate. For those who want to be part of the challenge but don’t have a lot of experience identifying clouds, Colon Robles offers the following advice: “Just go outside. The more clouds you observe, the more comfortable you’ll be collecting data.”
32. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A. Provide background information.
B. Present an argument.
C. Attract readers’ attention.
D. Offer advice to readers.
33. Why do researchers launch the cloud observation challenge?
A. The GLOBE Program is badly short of hands.
B. The technology CERES uses is not advanced.
C. Cirrus clouds are difficult to identify with snow cover.
D. Scientists can compare data from different instruments.
34. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Citizen observers can only submit data by means of an app.
B. Observers with the most observations will receive a special honor.
C. Observations from the ground are not as valuable as satellite images.
D. The data collected by citizen scientists will be posted on social media.
35. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. NASA to Employ New Members
B. Cloud Activities Bring a New Challenge
C. Scientists to Teach You to Observe Clouds
D. Citizens Gain Experience through Observation
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.
Why isn’t complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.
36 This means that when we repeat a thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed. Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed. 37
38 A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus (海马体), which plays a vital role in problem -solving, to become smaller.
In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol (皮质醇), a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger. Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity (免疫力)．
The ill effects of our complaining aren’t merely limited to ourselves: 39 We tend to mirror the moods of our friends. For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude. 40 Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar. It also decreases tiredness and depression. Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical well -being.
A. Yet the harmful effects don’t stop there.
B. Our brain is designed to work efficiently.
C. they affect the working atmosphere as well.
D. they are likely to involve those around us, too.
E. This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.
F. Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine.
G. Have you noticed that grateful people tend to enjoy others’ company?
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many athletes can light up the scoreboard with their skill. But it takes a special kind of athlete to light up a child’s 41 .
Runner Sanya Richards Ross, a four-time Olympic gold medalist, was born in Kingston, Jamaica (牙买加). Though living in Texas, she is 42 helping young people in her 43 through her Fun 4 Kidz Foundation, which deals with illiteracy (文盲) and 44 a healthy lifestyle. “Jamaica 45 its share of poor people who don’t have the 46 to get a great education. I had great support growing up, but not everyone is so 47 .” said Sanya.
Houston Texans All-Pro J.J. Watt is all business on the football field. But with children, he is 48
and fun-loving. He 49 the Justin J. Watt Foundation to provide after-school sports opportunities for the
50 children. He said, “At one of the first schools where we 51 uniforms, a kid told me, ‘It’s the
52 day of my life.’ Simple things like that 53 me helping kids.”
Mia Hamm is one of the greatest soccer players in U.S. National and Olympic history. 54 by her brother, who died from a rare blood disorder, she started the Mia Hamm Foundation to 55 awareness and money for those in need of bone marrow (髓) or cord blood transplants. She said, “We do charity soccer games, bringing together unrelated donors and recipients (受助人). To see that 56 is one of the most powerful things you can see. There are a lot of tears when people meet their donors, who are their 57
heroes. It was they who 58 them a second chance at life.”
For these athletes, there’s no better feeling than to bring joy to people and to those 59 , and seeing a smile on a child’s face at a foundation event really makes it all so 60 .
41. A. home B. field C. face D. school
42. A. eagerly B. confidently C. temporarily D. cautiously
43. A. team B. state C. neighborhood D. homeland
44. A. exposes B. promotes C. submits D. considers
45. A. has B. finishes C. tries D. reserves
46. A. means B. right C. manners D. source
47. A. impressed B. acknowledged C. celebrated D. blessed
48. A. careful B. respectful C. merciful D. playful
49. A. found B. attended C. established D. achieved
50. A. overcharged B. underprivileged C. underfed D. overworked
51. A. sent out B. took out C. gave out D. brought out
52. A. best B. saddest C. very D. fateful
53. A. prevent B. keep C. suggest D. find
54. A. Forced B. Touched C. Amazed D. Inspired
55. A. earn B. build C. raise D. recover
56. A. reunion B. tension C. dream D. lesson
57. A. grateful B. modest C. desperate D. selfless
58. A. allocated B. gave C. owed D. awarded
59. A. in debt B. in return C. in need D. in advance
60. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A video filmed and posted online by a blogger featuring 61 96-year-old granny selling vegetable buns at midnight has gone viral in China. Loads of netizens have been touched by her amazing story and inspiring words.
The octogenarian hawker (小贩) from Zhengzhou, capital of central China’s Henan Province, 62
(cook) and sold late-night snacks for the past 30 years. Her daily routine sounds simple, but nonetheless
63 (impress): She runs the stall from 11 p.m. to 5 a.m., and then heads to the market
64 she buys fresh ingredients before having a rest.
When 65 (ask) why she spends so much energy running a night business, the granny said she likes to keep herself busy and prefers to do something worthwhile rather than 66 (spend) her time idly. Her children have tried to persuade her to quit, but she refused, saying she finds pleasure in it.
The grandma said nothing is easy in the world, but she has no 67 (expect) about how much she can make from her business. “When more people buy my products, I make more money, and when fewer people buy them, I make less money. This is what business 68 (be) all about,” she said.
69 winning praise for being even more hardworking than many young people, the grandma said modestly that young people are in the prime of their lives 70 (struggle) to achieve their goals, and that elderly people should learn from them instead.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Recently I’ve noticed something bad in our cafeteria. Some students often threw away their food just because the food is not so delicious. Seen this, I always feel painful. What terrible it is for students to waste food!
I suggest that some measures are taken by our school. First, all students are to develop awareness of the fact that the great number of people don’t have enough food. Although our life has improved, but some are still going hungrily. There are needy people both at home or abroad. In addition, I wonder that our school can make specific rules against such behavior. I believe the bad behavior will be got rid soon with our efforts.
第二节 书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校举行了以“国风古韵”（National Style and Ancient Charm）为主题的校运动会开幕式，你写了一封电子邮件与外国笔友Jack分享参与活动的过程和感受。要点如下：
1．活动时间、地点等；
2．开幕式中的特色节目（汉服表演、武术表演等）；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：汉服Hanfu 武术 martial arts
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua |
